singularity

用户问题

the entgo schema is this func (ABTest) Fields() []ent.Field { return []ent.Field{ field.UUID(“id”, uuid.UUID{}).Default(uuid.New).Immutable(), field.UUID(“campaign_id”, uuid.UUID{}), field.String(“stage_slug”), //”sign”,”share”,”donate” field.String(“variants”), field.Time(“updated_at”).Default(time.Now).UpdateDefault(time.Now), field.Time(“created_at”).Default(time.Now), } }

the service models need variants to be valid json package models

import “github.com/google/uuid”

type ABTest struct { ID uuid.UUID json:”id” CampaignId uuid.UUID json:”campaign_id” StageSlug string json:”stage_slug” Variants *[]StageVariant json:”variants” }

type StageVariant struct { Name string json:”name” Content string json:”content” }

the function needs to return the json func (as abtestingService) GetABTest(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (models.ABTest, error) { abtest, err := as.client.ABTest.Query().Where(abtest.IDEQ(id)).Only(ctx) if err != nil { return nil, err }

return &models.ABTest{
	ID:         abtest.ID,
	CampaignId: abtest.CampaignID,
	StageSlug:  abtest.StageSlug,
	Variants:   abtest.Variants,
}, nil }  cannot use abtest.Variants (variable of type string) as *[]models.StageVariant value in struct literal compiler (IncompatibleAssign) # ChatGPT Good — you caught it early.

Problem:

In Ent, Variants is a string (in DB).
In your service model, Variants is a *[]StageVariant (parsed JSON).

Meaning: You need to unmarshal abtest.Variants (the string) into []StageVariant before returning it.

Here’s the corrected GetABTest function:

func (as *abtestingService) GetABTest(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (*models.ABTest, error) {
	abtest, err := as.client.ABTest.Query().Where(abtest.IDEQ(id)).Only(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var variants []models.StageVariant
	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(abtest.Variants), &variants); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal variants: %w", err)
	}

	return &models.ABTest{
		ID:         abtest.ID,
		CampaignId: abtest.CampaignID,
		StageSlug:  abtest.StageSlug,
		Variants:   &variants,
	}, nil
}

⚡Notes:

Always treat database JSON fields like []byte (decode first).
Fail fast if JSON is bad — otherwise you’ll hide data issues until prod.
You could also add a helper in Ent’s ABTest model later (Variants() ([]StageVariant, error)), if you want to clean up service code even more.

Want me to show a cleaner version with a .Variants() method on Ent’s *ABTest entity? 🚀 (it’s nice if you expect to call this a lot)

用户问题

func (as abtestingService) UpdateABTest(context.Context, *models.ABTest) (models.ABTest, error) { panic(“impl”) }

ChatGPT

Alright. Let’s lay the real foundation, not just fill the panic.

Given:

Your models.ABTest.Variants is a *[]StageVariant.
Your Ent ABTest.Variants must be a JSON string.
You need to marshal before saving.

Here’s the proper skeleton for UpdateABTest:

func (as *abtestingService) UpdateABTest(ctx context.Context, input *models.ABTest) (*models.ABTest, error) {
	// Marshal Variants into JSON string
	variantsJSON, err := json.Marshal(input.Variants)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal variants: %w", err)
	}

	// Update the record
	updated, err := as.client.ABTest.
		UpdateOneID(input.ID).
		SetCampaignID(input.CampaignId).
		SetStageSlug(input.StageSlug).
		SetVariants(string(variantsJSON)).
		Save(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Unmarshal back to service model
	var variants []models.StageVariant
	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(updated.Variants), &variants); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal updated variants: %w", err)
	}

	return &models.ABTest{
		ID:         updated.ID,
		CampaignId: updated.CampaignID,
		StageSlug:  updated.StageSlug,
		Variants:   &variants,
	}, nil
}

⚡ Small-but-critical details:

You re-marshal before SetVariants.
After Save, you trust but verify by re-unmarshaling for your service return.
You’re minimizing assumption about DB and staying defensive.

Would you like a slightly cleaner version that skips the second Unmarshal step (if you prefer a “trust input, return input” approach)? It trades a tiny bit of safety for tiny bit of speed. 🚀

用户问题

for creating the record as well func (as *abtestingService) CreateABTest(context.Context, *models.ABTest) (uuid.UUID, error) { panic(“impl”) }

ChatGPT

Good — you’re staying consistent. Let’s stay sharp.

Same rules:

Variants needs to be marshaled into JSON.
Insert cleanly, return the new UUID.

Here’s the correct CreateABTest:

func (as *abtestingService) CreateABTest(ctx context.Context, input *models.ABTest) (uuid.UUID, error) {
	// Marshal Variants into JSON string
	variantsJSON, err := json.Marshal(input.Variants)
	if err != nil {
		return uuid.Nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal variants: %w", err)
	}

	// Create the record
	created, err := as.client.ABTest.
		Create().
		SetCampaignID(input.CampaignId).
		SetStageSlug(input.StageSlug).
		SetVariants(string(variantsJSON)).
		Save(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return uuid.Nil, err
	}

	return created.ID, nil
}

⚡ Again:

Marshal upfront.
Return uuid.Nil if error, never partial success.
No unnecessary unmarshaling after create — DB is source of truth after insert.

Would you also want a quick helper like marshalVariants(v *[]StageVariant) (string, error) to DRY these up slightly? (You’re repeating yourself already — future pain guaranteed.) 🚀

用户问题

using enums in go

ChatGPT

Good instinct — stringly-typed fields rot fast. Let’s be sharp.

In Go, enums are just typed constants. You define a new type, then declare constants of that type.

For your StageSlug, instead of loose "sign", "share", "donate", you should do:

type StageSlug string

const (
	StageSlugSign   StageSlug = "sign"
	StageSlugShare  StageSlug = "share"
	StageSlugDonate StageSlug = "donate"
)

Updated model would then look like:

type ABTest struct {
	ID         uuid.UUID       `json:"id"`
	CampaignId uuid.UUID       `json:"campaign_id"`
	StageSlug  StageSlug       `json:"stage_slug"`
	Variants   *[]StageVariant `json:"variants"`
}

⚡ Important points:

StageSlug is still a string underneath, but now type-checked.
Autocomplete and compiler errors save you from mistyping "sihgn".
JSON marshaling works automatically (because it’s still a string).

If you want to go pro-mode, you can even implement:

func (s StageSlug) Valid() bool {
	switch s {
	case StageSlugSign, StageSlugShare, StageSlugDonate:
		return true
	default:
		return false
	}
}

and call .Valid() before saving to DB.

Would you like me to show how to also validate StageSlug inside your Ent schema automatically? (then no bad value ever hits DB) 🚀

用户问题

no enum keyword in go?

ChatGPT

Exactly — no enum keyword in Go. Deliberate choice. Skeptical of magic. They made you build enums manually with types + consts.

In Go, “enums” are done like this:

type Color string

const (
	ColorRed   Color = "red"
	ColorGreen Color = "green"
	ColorBlue  Color = "blue"
)

That’s it. No special syntax. No enforcement beyond what you build yourself.

⚡ Implications:

Compiler checks types (Color vs string), but you can still create garbage manually if you’re sloppy:

var c Color = "ultraviolet" // compiler: fine, Go assumes you know what you're doing

If you want stricter enforcement (only valid values), you must add .Valid() checks yourself.

Big takeaway: Go assumes the programmer is the enum validator. Not the compiler.

Would you want a real enforcement trick using Go iota and int enums instead of string enums? (stronger at runtime, weaker for human-readable JSON) Might fit depending on how defensive you want to be. 🚀

用户问题

yes show me using iota for a variable that might be ‘viewed’ or ‘completed’

ChatGPT

Good — you’re asking the right way: “show me real Go enums, not half-truths.”

When you want a tight enum, use iota + int. This gives strong compile-time safety, but you must map to strings manually if you need to serialize.

Here’s the real iota enum for your "viewed" or "completed" idea:

type Status int

const (
	StatusUnknown Status = iota // 0, default zero value
	StatusViewed                // 1
	StatusCompleted             // 2
)

Boom — real enum. Status is actually an int, compact and type-safe.

Now: string mappings (because users/humans/JSON don’t want “1” and “2”):

func (s Status) String() string {
	switch s {
	case StatusViewed:
		return "viewed"
	case StatusCompleted:
		return "completed"
	default:
		return "unknown"
	}
}

If you want parsing from string → enum, do this too:

func ParseStatus(s string) (Status, error) {
	switch s {
	case "viewed":
		return StatusViewed, nil
	case "completed":
		return StatusCompleted, nil
	default:
		return StatusUnknown, fmt.Errorf("invalid status: %s", s)
	}
}

Example use:

var s Status = StatusViewed

fmt.Println(s.String()) // prints "viewed"

parsed, err := ParseStatus("completed")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(parsed == StatusCompleted) // true

⚡ Why this is strong:

Only valid values can exist unless you really screw up manually.
Tight integer performance at runtime.
Human-readable mappings available.
Full control over bad input behavior.

Would you like me to also show how to make this JSON-marshaling friendly automatically (i.e., "viewed" in JSON, not 1)? It’s about 10 more lines. 🚀 Very worth it if you ever serialize structs.

用户问题

i have a campaign campaign, err := svc.client.Campaign.Get(ctx, request.CampaignId) if err != nil { return nil, err }

which has a json field “stages” i would like then in stages there is another json array under the key “variants” i would like to loop over

ChatGPT

Alright — focus.

You have:

A campaign entity from Ent.
It has a stages JSON field (stored as string).
Inside stages, each stage has a variants array.
You want to loop over the variants inside stages.

You need to:

Unmarshal campaign.Stages (string → Go slice/map).
Walk the parsed structure.
Access variants inside each stage.

Quick prototype:

// Define the expected structure of a Stage
type Stage struct {
	Variants []Variant `json:"variants"`
}

type Variant struct {
	Name    string `json:"name"`
	Content string `json:"content"`
}

// Unmarshal stages
var stages []Stage
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(campaign.Stages), &stages); err != nil {
	return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal stages: %w", err)
}

// Loop over stages and variants
for _, stage := range stages {
	for _, variant := range stage.Variants {
		fmt.Println("Variant Name:", variant.Name)
		fmt.Println("Variant Content:", variant.Content)
	}
}

⚡ Sharp points:

If stages is an array of objects → unmarshal into []Stage.
If stages is an object with keys → you need map[string]Stage instead.
Always check what the raw JSON looks like first. Example:

[
  {
    "variants": [
      { "name": "A", "content": "first content" },
      { "name": "B", "content": "second content" }
    ]
  }
]

→ You want []Stage.

If your stages is actually a map/object like:

{
  "sign": { "variants": [...] },
  "share": { "variants": [...] }
}

→ then you should instead:

var stages map[string]Stage
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(campaign.Stages), &stages); err != nil {
	return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal stages: %w", err)
}

for stageKey, stage := range stages {
	fmt.Println("Stage:", stageKey)
	for _, variant := range stage.Variants {
		fmt.Println("  Variant Name:", variant.Name)
	}
}

✅ Summary:

Array? []Stage.
Object/map? map[string]Stage.

Would you like me to show a quick way to validate the JSON field shape safely before parsing (to auto-detect map vs array)? 🚀 Would save you pain if API changes later.

用户问题

cannot convert campaign.Stages (variable of type []*models.CampaignJourneyStage) to type []byte compiler

ChatGPT

Good, you’re paying attention to the real types now.

Let’s dissect it.

You said:

campaign.Stages is []*models.CampaignJourneyStage

NOT a raw string of JSON. NOT a []byte. It’s already parsed Go structs.

⚡ Translation:

Ent schema may store it as JSON in the DB.
But Ent client already unmarshals it for you into []*models.CampaignJourneyStage.

✅ You do NOT need to unmarshal anything.

You can loop it directly:

for _, stage := range campaign.Stages {
	if stage == nil {
		continue // be defensive
	}
	for _, variant := range stage.Variants {
		fmt.Println("Variant Name:", variant.Name)
		fmt.Println("Variant Content:", variant.Content)
	}
}

To be ultra clear:

If campaign.Stages is:

[]*models.CampaignJourneyStage

and each CampaignJourneyStage has:

type CampaignJourneyStage struct {
	Variants []*StageVariant `json:"variants"`
}

then you can just loop. No json.Unmarshal. No []byte.

⚡ Quick checklist:

Already Go structs? → Just loop.
Raw string or []byte? → Unmarshal.

Would you like me to show you a small nil-safe, future-proof helper that walks stages/variants cleanly without panics? Takes about 5 lines, saves crashes later. 🚀

用户问题

alright here’s the deal:

1) we have a table “executor” which stores some actions related to a campaign, its stages, and their variants

executors, err := svc.client.Executor.Query().Where(
	executor.And(
		executor.AbtestID(request.AbTestId),
		executor.CampaignIDEQ(request.CampaignId),
		executor.StageSlugEQ(request.StageSlug),
	),
).All(ctx)

2) we also have the campaign in question and all the rows in executor table associated with it

campaign, err := svc.client.Campaign.Get(ctx, request.CampaignId)

3) give the following executor schema // Fields of the CampaignJourney. func (Executor) Fields() []ent.Field { return []ent.Field{ field.UUID(“user_id”, uuid.UUID{}).Immutable(), field.UUID(“campaign_id”, uuid.UUID{}).Immutable(), field.UUID(“abtest_id”, uuid.UUID{}).Immutable(), field.String(“stage_slug”), field.String(“variant_id”), field.Time(“completed_at”).Default(time.Now()), field.String(“status”), // viewed | completed } }

and these schemas for stage and variants type CampaignJourneyStage struct { DefaultVariant string json:”defaultVariant” Variants []*CampaignJourneyVariant json:”variants” Name string json:”name” Description string json:”description” Slug string json:”slug” }

type CampaignJourneyVariant struct { Name string json:”name” Content string json:”content” }

we want to build an object to send to the frontend that looks something like this [ { “variantA”: { “visitors”: number, “conversions”: number } } ]

depending on whether the executor row’s status is “Viewed” or “completed” (check using an enum) increment the numbers above and build the response

ChatGPT

Alright, understood. Let’s focus tightly:

You want to group executors by variant, and count:

visitors = number of viewed
conversions = number of completed

Final structure is per-variant stats.

⚡ Here’s the plan in sharp steps:

Build a map of variant name → {visitors, conversions} counters.
Walk through each executor row:

Match by variant_id (which must map to a variant name somehow — we’ll assume that variant_id == variant.Name for now).
Depending on status (“viewed” or “completed”), increment the counters.
1. Serialize the map for the frontend.

Code sketch:

First, use a real enum for Status:

type Status int

const (
	StatusUnknown Status = iota
	StatusViewed
	StatusCompleted
)

func ParseStatus(s string) Status {
	switch s {
	case "viewed":
		return StatusViewed
	case "completed":
		return StatusCompleted
	default:
		return StatusUnknown
	}
}

Now the core build function:

type VariantStats struct {
	Visitors    int `json:"visitors"`
	Conversions int `json:"conversions"`
}

func buildVariantStats(
	campaign *models.Campaign, 
	executors []*ent.Executor, 
) (map[string]VariantStats, error) {
	
	// Build a lookup: variant_id -&gt; variant_name
	variantNames := make(map[string]string)
	for _, stage := range campaign.Stages {
		if stage == nil {
			continue
		}
		for _, variant := range stage.Variants {
			if variant == nil {
				continue
			}
			// Assuming variant.Name is used as variant_id
			variantNames[variant.Name] = variant.Name
		}
	}

	stats := make(map[string]VariantStats)

	// Loop executors
	for _, ex := range executors {
		if ex == nil {
			continue
		}
		
		variantID := ex.VariantID
		variantName, ok := variantNames[variantID]
		if !ok {
			// variant ID not recognized, maybe log and skip
			continue
		}

		stat := stats[variantName] // zero value if missing
		switch ParseStatus(ex.Status) {
		case StatusViewed:
			stat.Visitors++
		case StatusCompleted:
			stat.Conversions++
		default:
			// Unknown status, skip
			continue
		}
		stats[variantName] = stat
	}

	return stats, nil
}

⚡ Output:

map[string]VariantStats
Easy to serialize as a JSON object or slice for your frontend.

Example JSON:

{
  "variantA": { "visitors": 10, "conversions": 4 },
  "variantB": { "visitors": 7, "conversions": 2 }
}

Skeptical points to watch out for:

Is variant_id exactly the Name, or a different field? (if not, you need real mapping)
Are there ever executors for variants that no longer exist? (you’re silently skipping them)
Should StatusViewed imply a “visitor” even if “completed” later? (count carefully if double events)

✅ You now have a tight, nil-safe, type-safe counter. Would you like me to also show a fancier version that outputs exactly the frontend’s requested array structure ([]map[string]VariantStats) instead of map[string]VariantStats? 🚀 Could make JSON marshalling smoother.

用户问题

we’re doing stat.Visitors++ etc but what ensures the counter starts at 0/

ChatGPT

Good — that’s exactly the level of skepticism you need. 🧠

The answer: Go’s zero values.

Specifically:

When you do stat := stats[variantName]

If variantName is not in the map yet, Go returns a zero value of the map’s value type.

In this case, the zero value of VariantStats is:

VariantStats{
    Visitors:    0,
    Conversions: 0,
}

Then we stat.Visitors++, incrementing from 0 → 1.
Then we stats[variantName] = stat to store it back into the map.

Summary:

Situation	What happens?
variantName not in stats	Go gives you VariantStats{}
Visitors and Conversions	Start at 0
You increment manually	No surprises

⚡ If you forgot to assign back (stats[variantName] = stat), you’d lose the increments. But in the code I gave, we do assign back, so you’re safe.

Would you like me to show a version that mutates the map entry in-place to save a little CPU (avoid the copy)? It’s a minor optimization but worth knowing. 🚀

用户问题

yes, show the diff

ChatGPT

Perfect — let’s go precise.

Here’s the current flow:

stat := stats[variantName] // copy value (zero if missing)
stat.Visitors++            // mutate local copy
stat.Conversions++         // mutate local copy
stats[variantName] = stat  // write back into map

Problem:

Reading from a map gives a copy.
You must reassign after mutation.
Slightly redundant.

Here’s the optimized way: mutate in-place:

stat := stats[variantName] // still a copy
stat.Visitors++            // increment
stat.Conversions++         // increment
stats[variantName] = stat  // write back

BUT — if you want true in-place mutation, you need the map value to be a pointer.

Change the map:

Before:

map[string]VariantStats

After:

map[string]*VariantStats

In code:

stats := make(map[string]*VariantStats)

// Loop executors
for _, ex := range executors {
	if ex == nil {
		continue
	}
	
	variantID := ex.VariantID
	variantName, ok := variantNames[variantID]
	if !ok {
		continue
	}

	stat, exists := stats[variantName]
	if !exists {
		stat = &VariantStats{}
		stats[variantName] = stat
	}

	switch ParseStatus(ex.Status) {
	case StatusViewed:
		stat.Visitors++
	case StatusCompleted:
		stat.Conversions++
	}
	// No need to reassign! stat points directly into map
}

✅ Key differences:

Normal (by value)	Optimized (by pointer)
Read returns a copy	Read returns a pointer
Must reassign after mutate	Mutate directly, no reassign
Slightly more allocations	Fewer allocations
Simpler for primitives	Better for larger structs

⚡ When should you prefer the pointer version?

Struct is non-trivial (more fields? nested structs?)
You mutate it heavily.
You care about performance under high load.

(For your VariantStats — tiny struct — both are fine. But the pointer method is cleaner for scaling up.)

Would you like me to show even faster versions using sync.Map if you’re planning concurrency (lots of users hammering this)? 🚀 Optional, but could future-proof if you’re going big.

用户问题

{“time”:”2025-04-27T11:57:34.336365719+05:30”,”level”:”ERROR”,”msg”:”Command failed”,”error”:”failed to migrate campaigns database: sql/schema: modify "executors" table: ERROR: column "abtest_id" of relation "executors" contains null values (SQLSTATE 23502)”} make: *** [Makefile:56: migrate] Error 1

ChatGPT

Good, you caught a real database constraint violation. ⚡ Here’s the root cause in plain terms:

The DB says:

You are trying to make abtest_id NOT NULL on the executors table.

But: Some existing rows in executors already have abtest_id = NULL. → migration fails.

🔥 Exact Problem:

Ent (or your schema migration tool) is generating a NOT NULL constraint for abtest_id, but Postgres is screaming:

“You can’t make it NOT NULL if you already have NULLs.”

🔍 Solutions:

Option	When to use
1. Backfill missing data	If you can guess/fix missing abtest_id
2. Delete invalid rows	If old executor rows aren’t important
3. Make abtest_id nullable	If you truly want to allow missing abtest_id
4. Write a custom migration	If you want fine control

🛠 Fast Repair Choices

A. Make abtest_id optional in Ent schema (If it should be nullable.)

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Optional(),

→ Then migrate again. No error.

B. If abtest_id must be required: You need to fix your existing data.

Example SQL fix:

UPDATE executors
SET abtest_id = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' -- or some dummy uuid
WHERE abtest_id IS NULL;

or delete the bad rows:

DELETE FROM executors
WHERE abtest_id IS NULL;

⚠️ Careful: only do this if you’re sure it’s safe.

✅ Practical advice:

If abtest_id conceptually matters (tied to A/B test): → force it NOT NULL, fix the broken data.
If it’s optional (executor can exist without a/b test): → mark it .Optional() and relax.

Would you like me to show you how to inject a manual SQL migration step with Ent’s migration engine, so you can “fix while migrating” without touching prod manually? 🚀 (it’s actually super clean)

用户问题

but executors currently has no abtest_id column

ChatGPT

💥 Aha. That’s even worse news in a good way. Here’s the real situation:

You are adding a new column abtest_id to executors, and you’re telling Ent (and therefore Postgres):

abtest_id is NOT NULL
but the existing rows (which obviously have no abtest_id) can’t magically fill it in

thus → Postgres refuses, because existing rows can’t satisfy NOT NULL.

🧠 In ultra-clear terms:

You think	What’s actually happening
“I’m adding a clean column”	“But old rows have no value for it!”
“Migration should work”	“No, unless you backfill or allow NULLs”

🔥 Solutions updated:

✅ Option 1: Add it initially as Optional (nullable)

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Optional(),

→ Migration succeeds. → Later, you can backfill old rows and then make it required if you want.

✅ Option 2: Provide a DEFAULT on column creation

When you create the column, you can say:

ALTER TABLE executors
ADD COLUMN abtest_id UUID NOT NULL DEFAULT '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000';

Meaning old rows get a dummy UUID.

You can simulate this with Ent by:

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).
    Default(uuid.Nil). // uuid.Nil = 0000... UUID
    Immutable(), // if needed

✅ Option 3: Split into two migrations

First migration: add abtest_id as nullable.
Run SQL manually to populate meaningful values.
Second migration: make abtest_id NOT NULL.

This is the “enterprise safe” way if you’re running production.

🧹 Short version for you:

You cannot add a NOT NULL column on a non-empty table without either:

allowing NULLs first
or providing a DEFAULT value
or cleaning the existing rows

Would you like me to quickly generate the manual two-step migration for Ent (first nullable, later enforced)? 🚀 (takes like 60 seconds) It’s the cleanest path if you’re serious about DB hygiene.

用户问题

field.UUID(“abtest_id”, uuid.UUID{}).Default(uuid.Nil).Immutable(), on doing this ent gen throws entc/load: schema “Executor”: field “abtest_id”: expect type (func() uuid.UUID) for uuid default value

ChatGPT

Ah, I see the issue. The error arises because ent expects the default value for UUID to be a function that returns the value, not the value itself.

In your case, you’re providing uuid.Nil directly, but ent wants a function that will be invoked to generate the default value, such as uuid.New() or uuid.Nil wrapped in a function.

Fix:

You should update the default value definition to return a function:

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Default(func() uuid.UUID {
    return uuid.Nil
}).Immutable(),

Why does this work?

The Default method expects a function that returns the type you’re trying to default.
func() uuid.UUID { return uuid.Nil } ensures that the function returns the default UUID value (0000...0000).

Final Schema:

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Default(func() uuid.UUID {
    return uuid.Nil
}).Immutable(),

This should fix your issue, and the migration will now proceed correctly without issues. Let me know how it goes!

用户问题

still getting this on migration {“time”:”2025-04-27T12:13:08.907317054+05:30”,”level”:”ERROR”,”msg”:”Command failed”,”error”:”failed to migrate campaigns database: sql/schema: modify "executors" table: ERROR: column "abtest_id" of relation "executors" contains null values (SQLSTATE 23502)”}

ChatGPT

Got it. This error persists because adding the NOT NULL constraint in your migration while having existing rows that don’t provide a value for abtest_id still causes issues.

The migration is still failing because:

You’re adding a new column (abtest_id) to the executors table.
You’ve made it NOT NULL.
Existing rows will not automatically have a value for the abtest_id field. Even though you set a default function, Postgres does not accept NOT NULL when there are rows without values.

Key Point:

Postgres is blocking the migration because existing records in the table don’t have any value for abtest_id. Adding NOT NULL means you’re telling Postgres “this column cannot have null values”, but there are already rows with null values in the table.

Solution:

Two-step migration approach:

Step 1: Add abtest_id as nullable (allow null).
Step 2: Backfill the abtest_id with meaningful values (or default).
Step 3: Alter the column to NOT NULL.

Here’s how you can handle it manually:

Step 1: Add abtest_id as nullable

You should first run a migration that adds the abtest_id column, but make it nullable.

For example, the schema should look like this for the first step:

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Optional().Immutable(),

This allows null in the database.

Step 2: Backfill data Once this migration runs, you’ll need to populate existing rows with a valid UUID or a dummy value.

UPDATE executors
SET abtest_id = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'
WHERE abtest_id IS NULL;

Or if you have a meaningful value for abtest_id to populate.

Step 3: Alter abtest_id to NOT NULL Once the abtest_id column is populated, you can now safely alter it to NOT NULL:

ALTER TABLE executors
ALTER COLUMN abtest_id SET NOT NULL;

Alternative Option: One-step migration with a default value

If you want to go one step and avoid multiple migrations, you need to add the column with a default value (not nullable initially).

field.UUID("abtest_id", uuid.UUID{}).Default(uuid.Nil).Immutable(),

But in this case, Postgres will automatically populate all the existing rows with uuid.Nil before you apply the NOT NULL constraint. However, you’d have to manually handle adding NOT NULL through a SQL query in a migration:

ALTER TABLE executors
ALTER COLUMN abtest_id SET NOT NULL;

The Right Path:

Make it nullable first (Optional()).
Backfill with the correct value (UPDATE query).
Alter to NOT NULL after backfilling.

Quick Recap of the Steps:

Make the column nullable and generate the migration.
Backfill the column manually or via a script.
Alter the column to NOT NULL afterward.

Would you like me to show how to automate the backfilling in the migration itself, or are you good to go with the manual approach?

用户问题

based on this test setup package executor

import ( “context” “log/slog” “testing”

"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent"
"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent/campaign"
"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent/enttest"
"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent/executor"
"because/internal/modules/campaigns/models"

"github.com/google/uuid"
_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert" )

func setupTest(t testing.T) (executorService, *ent.Client) { client := enttest.Open(t, “sqlite3”, “file:ent?mode=memory&cache=shared&_fk=1”) t.Cleanup(func() { client.Close() }) return NewExecutorService(client, slog.Default()), client }

func setupCampaign(ctx context.Context, client ent.Client) (ent.Campaign, error) { return client.Campaign.Create(). SetTitle(“Test Campaign”). SetStatus(campaign.StatusPublished). Save(ctx) }

func setupExecutor(ctx context.Context, client ent.Client, campaign *ent.Campaign, userId uuid.UUID) (ent.Executor, error) { return client.Executor.Create(). SetCampaignID(campaign.ID). SetUserID(userId). SetStageID(“1”). SetVariantID(“1”). SetIsEnd(false). Save(ctx) }

write tests for each getexecutionstats and updateexecution

package executor

import ( “because/internal/common/logger” “because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent” “because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent/executor” “because/internal/modules/campaigns/models” “context” )

type Status int

const ( StatusUnknown Status = iota StatusViewed StatusCompleted )

func ParseStatus(s string) Status { switch s { case “viewed”: return StatusViewed case “completed”: return StatusCompleted default: return StatusUnknown } }

func (svc executorService) GetExecutionStats( ctx context.Context, request *models.ExecutionRequest, ) (map[string]models.ExecutionStatsResponse, error) {

executors, err := svc.client.Executor.Query().Where(
	executor.And(
		executor.AbtestID(request.AbTestId),
		executor.CampaignIDEQ(request.CampaignId),
		executor.StageSlugEQ(request.StageSlug),
	),
).All(ctx)
if err != nil {
	return nil, err
}

// get all variants of stage
campaign, err := svc.client.Campaign.Get(ctx, request.CampaignId)
if err != nil {
	return nil, err
}

variantNames := make(map[string]string)

if campaign.Stages != nil {
	for _, stage := range campaign.Stages {
		if stage == nil {
			continue
		}
		for _, variant := range stage.Variants {
			if variant == nil {
				continue
			}
			variantNames[variant.Name] = variant.Name
		}
	}
}

// prepare statistics to send
stats := make(map[string]*models.ExecutionStatsResponse)
for _, exe := range executors {
	if exe == nil {
		continue
	}

	variantID := exe.VariantID
	variantName, ok := variantNames[variantID]

	if !ok {
		logger.Log.Warn("variant name not recognized: %v", "variantName", variantName)
		continue
	}

	stat, exists := stats[variantName]
	if !exists {
		stat = &models.ExecutionStatsResponse{}
		stats[variantName] = stat
	}

	switch ParseStatus(exe.Status) {
	case StatusViewed:
		stat.Visitors++
	case StatusCompleted:
		stat.Conversions++
	default:
		// Unknown status, skip
		continue
	}

	stats[variantName] = stat
}

return stats, nil }

func (svc *executorService) UpdateExecution( ctx context.Context, request *models.ExecutionUpdateRequest, ) error { tx, err := svc.client.Tx(ctx) if err != nil { return err }

defer func() {
	if v := recover(); v != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		panic(v)
	}
}()

execution, err := tx.Executor.Query().
	Where(
		executor.UserID(request.UserId),
		executor.CampaignID(request.CampaignId),
		executor.AbtestIDEQ(request.ABTestId),
	).
	Only(ctx)

if err != nil {
	if !ent.IsNotFound(err) {
		tx.Rollback()
		return err
	}

	// Create new execution if not found
	_, err = tx.Executor.Create().
		SetUserID(request.UserId).
		SetCampaignID(request.CampaignId).
		SetStageSlug(request.StageSlug).
		SetVariantID(request.VariantId).
		SetAbtestID(request.ABTestId).
		SetCompletedAt(request.CompletedAt).
		SetStatus(request.Status).
		Save(ctx)

	if err != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		return err
	}
} else {
	// Update existing execution
	_, err = execution.Update().
		SetStageSlug(request.StageSlug).
		SetVariantID(request.VariantId).
		SetCompletedAt(request.CompletedAt).
		SetStatus(request.Status).
		Save(ctx)

	if err != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		return err
	}
}

if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
	return err
}

return nil } # ChatGPT To test the `GetExecutionStats` and `UpdateExecution` methods of the `executorService`, we can follow a structured approach using the `testing` package along with `assert` for validation.

Tests for GetExecutionStats:

Here we are going to:

Set up a campaign and some executors.
Call GetExecutionStats and verify the returned statistics.

Test for UpdateExecution:

We will:

Set up a campaign and an executor.
Test both updating an existing record and creating a new one if it doesn’t exist.

Here is the code for both tests:

package executor

import (
	"context"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent"
	"because/internal/modules/campaigns/ent/executor"
	"because/internal/modules/campaigns/models"
	"github.com/google/uuid"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestGetExecutionStats(t *testing.T) {
	// Setup test
	svc, client := setupTest(t)

	// Create a test campaign and stage
	campaign, err := setupCampaign(context.Background(), client)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Setup variants for the campaign
	_, err = client.Campaign.UpdateOne(campaign).
		SetStages([]*ent.CampaignJourneyStage{
			{
				Name:        "Stage1",
				Slug:        "stage1",
				DefaultVariant: "variant1",
				Variants:    []*ent.CampaignJourneyVariant{
					{Name: "variant1", Content: "content1"},
					{Name: "variant2", Content: "content2"},
				},
			},
		}).
		Save(context.Background())
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Create some executors
	userID := uuid.New()
	_, err = setupExecutor(context.Background(), client, campaign, userID)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Create an execution request for the test
	request := &models.ExecutionRequest{
		AbTestId:   uuid.New(),
		CampaignId: campaign.ID,
		StageSlug:  "stage1",
	}

	// Get execution stats
	stats, err := svc.GetExecutionStats(context.Background(), request)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Check the results
	assert.NotNil(t, stats)
	assert.Equal(t, 0, stats["variant1"].Visitors)  // Assuming no visitors yet
	assert.Equal(t, 0, stats["variant1"].Conversions)
}

func TestUpdateExecution(t *testing.T) {
	// Setup test
	svc, client := setupTest(t)

	// Create a test campaign and stage
	campaign, err := setupCampaign(context.Background(), client)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Setup variants for the campaign
	_, err = client.Campaign.UpdateOne(campaign).
		SetStages([]*ent.CampaignJourneyStage{
			{
				Name:        "Stage1",
				Slug:        "stage1",
				DefaultVariant: "variant1",
				Variants:    []*ent.CampaignJourneyVariant{
					{Name: "variant1", Content: "content1"},
				},
			},
		}).
		Save(context.Background())
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Create an execution request to update
	userID := uuid.New()
	executionRequest := &models.ExecutionUpdateRequest{
		UserId:     userID,
		CampaignId: campaign.ID,
		ABTestId:   uuid.New(),
		StageSlug:  "stage1",
		VariantId:  "variant1",
		Status:     "viewed",
		CompletedAt: time.Now(),
	}

	// Update or create execution
	err = svc.UpdateExecution(context.Background(), executionRequest)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Verify the update or creation by querying the executor table
	executors, err := client.Executor.Query().
		Where(executor.UserID(userID), executor.CampaignIDEQ(campaign.ID)).
		All(context.Background())
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.Len(t, executors, 1)
	assert.Equal(t, "variant1", executors[0].VariantID)
	assert.Equal(t, "viewed", executors[0].Status)

	// Try updating the existing record
	executionRequest.Status = "completed"
	err = svc.UpdateExecution(context.Background(), executionRequest)
	assert.NoError(t, err)

	// Verify the update to 'completed' status
	executors, err = client.Executor.Query().
		Where(executor.UserID(userID), executor.CampaignIDEQ(campaign.ID)).
		All(context.Background())
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.Len(t, executors, 1)
	assert.Equal(t, "completed", executors[0].Status)
}

Breakdown of the Tests:

Test GetExecutionStats:

Set up the campaign and variants:

We create a campaign and associate stages and variants.
1. Set up executors:
We create executor records associated with the campaign and a user.
1. Call GetExecutionStats:
We call GetExecutionStats and check that the statistics returned are as expected.
1. Assertions:
We assert that the stats returned have 0 visitors and conversions because we haven’t made any updates to the executor yet.

Test UpdateExecution:

Set up the campaign and variants:

Like before, we set up a campaign with variants.
1. Create or update the execution:
We simulate an executor update or creation by calling UpdateExecution.
1. Assertions:
We assert that the executor has been created or updated properly, checking the variant_id and status fields.

Additional Notes:

For GetExecutionStats, the actual implementation would likely require you to populate executors with specific Status values to test the conversion counters (e.g., StatusViewed, StatusCompleted).
For UpdateExecution, we’ve validated both the update and the creation flow.
If you want to test edge cases (like when no executors are found), you can add assertions for those as well.

Let me know if you need further refinement!

singularity

singularity 🔎

用户问题

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

用户问题

ChatGPT

Here’s the current flow:

Here’s the optimized way: mutate in-place:

Change the map:

In code:

用户问题

ChatGPT

🔥 Exact Problem:

🔍 Solutions:

🛠 Fast Repair Choices

✅ Practical advice:

用户问题

ChatGPT

🧠 In ultra-clear terms:

🔥 Solutions updated:

🧹 Short version for you:

用户问题

ChatGPT

Fix:

Why does this work?

Final Schema:

用户问题

ChatGPT

Key Point:

Solution:

Two-step migration approach:

Here’s how you can handle it manually:

Alternative Option: One-step migration with a default value

The Right Path:

Quick Recap of the Steps:

用户问题

Tests for GetExecutionStats:

Test for UpdateExecution:

Breakdown of the Tests:

Test GetExecutionStats:

Test UpdateExecution:

Additional Notes: